Overview

Dataset statistics

Number of variables9
Number of observations84
Missing cells44
Missing cells (%)5.8%
Duplicate rows1
Duplicate rows (%)1.2%
Total size in memory6.2 KiB
Average record size in memory75.6 B

Variable types

Numeric2
Categorical5
Text1
DateTime1

Dataset

Description한국가스안전공사에서 수행하고 있는 각종 안전관리 분야 연구과제 목록을 공공-민간에 공개하여 산/학/연과의 협업과제 발굴 유도하기 위해 제공하는 데이터입니다.
Author한국가스안전공사
URLhttps://www.data.go.kr/data/15064356/fileData.do

Alerts

Dataset has 1 (1.2%) duplicate rowsDuplicates
연구종료일 is highly overall correlated with 연구기간(월) and 2 other fieldsHigh correlation
수탁-위탁기관 is highly overall correlated with 과제분야 and 2 other fieldsHigh correlation
과제분야 is highly overall correlated with 번호 and 5 other fieldsHigh correlation
수행부서 is highly overall correlated with 과제분야High correlation
과제구분 is highly overall correlated with 연구기간(월) and 2 other fieldsHigh correlation
번호 is highly overall correlated with 과제분야High correlation
연구기간(월) is highly overall correlated with 과제분야 and 2 other fieldsHigh correlation
번호 has 11 (13.1%) missing valuesMissing
과제명 has 11 (13.1%) missing valuesMissing
연구시작일 has 11 (13.1%) missing valuesMissing
연구기간(월) has 11 (13.1%) missing valuesMissing

Reproduction

Analysis started2023-12-12 09:38:39.979356
Analysis finished2023-12-12 09:38:41.312983
Duration1.33 second
Software versionydata-profiling vv4.5.1
Download configurationconfig.json

Variables

번호
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION  MISSING 

Distinct73
Distinct (%)100.0%
Missing11
Missing (%)13.1%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean37
Minimum1
Maximum73
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Negative0
Negative (%)0.0%
Memory size888.0 B
2023-12-12T18:38:41.384889image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum1
5-th percentile4.6
Q119
median37
Q355
95-th percentile69.4
Maximum73
Range72
Interquartile range (IQR)36

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation21.217131
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.57343598
Kurtosis-1.2
Mean37
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)18
Skewness0
Sum2701
Variance450.16667
MonotonicityStrictly increasing
2023-12-12T18:38:41.532918image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
ValueCountFrequency (%)
56 1
 
1.2%
54 1
 
1.2%
53 1
 
1.2%
52 1
 
1.2%
51 1
 
1.2%
50 1
 
1.2%
49 1
 
1.2%
48 1
 
1.2%
47 1
 
1.2%
46 1
 
1.2%
Other values (63) 63
75.0%
(Missing) 11
 
13.1%
ValueCountFrequency (%)
1 1
1.2%
2 1
1.2%
3 1
1.2%
4 1
1.2%
5 1
1.2%
6 1
1.2%
7 1
1.2%
8 1
1.2%
9 1
1.2%
10 1
1.2%
ValueCountFrequency (%)
73 1
1.2%
72 1
1.2%
71 1
1.2%
70 1
1.2%
69 1
1.2%
68 1
1.2%
67 1
1.2%
66 1
1.2%
65 1
1.2%
64 1
1.2%

과제분야
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION 

Distinct2
Distinct (%)2.4%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size804.0 B
안전관리
73 
<NA>
11 

Length

Max length4
Median length4
Mean length4
Min length4

Unique

Unique0 ?
Unique (%)0.0%

Sample

1st row안전관리
2nd row안전관리
3rd row안전관리
4th row안전관리
5th row안전관리

Common Values

ValueCountFrequency (%)
안전관리 73
86.9%
<NA> 11
 
13.1%

Length

2023-12-12T18:38:41.819115image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram of lengths of the category

Common Values (Plot)

2023-12-12T18:38:41.950222image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
ValueCountFrequency (%)
안전관리 73
86.9%
na 11
 
13.1%

과제명
Text

MISSING 

Distinct73
Distinct (%)100.0%
Missing11
Missing (%)13.1%
Memory size804.0 B
2023-12-12T18:38:42.346509image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length59
Median length37
Mean length30.479452
Min length14

Characters and Unicode

Total characters2225
Distinct characters289
Distinct categories11 ?
Distinct scripts3 ?
Distinct blocks4 ?
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique73 ?
Unique (%)100.0%

Sample

1st row천연가스-디젤 혼소발전용 LNG공급시스템 개발
2nd row오일샌드플랜트 모듈 건전성 및 유지관리 기술
3rd row이동형 소형 육상 LNG플랜트 모듈화 엔지니어링 패키지 및 실증기술 개발
4th row매설된 노후 가스배관 비굴착 방법을 이용한 배관보수방법 및 배관 융착부 건전성 평가를 위한 국제표준 개발
5th row최소 검지농도 100ppm-m급 휴대용 고감도 원거리 레이저 메탄누출검사장비 상용화 개발
ValueCountFrequency (%)
29
 
5.4%
연구 28
 
5.2%
개발 25
 
4.7%
lng 16
 
3.0%
위한 13
 
2.4%
안전성 9
 
1.7%
기준 8
 
1.5%
저장탱크 7
 
1.3%
기술 6
 
1.1%
검토 5
 
0.9%
Other values (323) 390
72.8%
2023-12-12T18:38:42.996260image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/

Most occurring characters

ValueCountFrequency (%)
463
 
20.8%
70
 
3.1%
41
 
1.8%
40
 
1.8%
40
 
1.8%
37
 
1.7%
36
 
1.6%
35
 
1.6%
34
 
1.5%
32
 
1.4%
Other values (279) 1397
62.8%

Most occurring categories

ValueCountFrequency (%)
Other Letter 1595
71.7%
Space Separator 463
 
20.8%
Uppercase Letter 114
 
5.1%
Lowercase Letter 20
 
0.9%
Other Punctuation 10
 
0.4%
Open Punctuation 7
 
0.3%
Close Punctuation 7
 
0.3%
Decimal Number 5
 
0.2%
Dash Punctuation 2
 
0.1%
Initial Punctuation 1
 
< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter
ValueCountFrequency (%)
70
 
4.4%
41
 
2.6%
40
 
2.5%
40
 
2.5%
37
 
2.3%
36
 
2.3%
35
 
2.2%
34
 
2.1%
32
 
2.0%
31
 
1.9%
Other values (238) 1199
75.2%
Uppercase Letter
ValueCountFrequency (%)
G 27
23.7%
L 27
23.7%
N 19
16.7%
P 12
10.5%
S 8
 
7.0%
M 4
 
3.5%
T 3
 
2.6%
E 3
 
2.6%
O 2
 
1.8%
A 2
 
1.8%
Other values (6) 7
 
6.1%
Lowercase Letter
ValueCountFrequency (%)
n 6
30.0%
t 2
 
10.0%
a 2
 
10.0%
o 2
 
10.0%
m 2
 
10.0%
p 2
 
10.0%
r 1
 
5.0%
e 1
 
5.0%
i 1
 
5.0%
k 1
 
5.0%
Other Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
/ 5
50.0%
, 3
30.0%
. 1
 
10.0%
· 1
 
10.0%
Decimal Number
ValueCountFrequency (%)
0 3
60.0%
5 1
 
20.0%
1 1
 
20.0%
Open Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
( 6
85.7%
1
 
14.3%
Close Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
) 6
85.7%
1
 
14.3%
Space Separator
ValueCountFrequency (%)
463
100.0%
Dash Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
- 2
100.0%
Initial Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
1
100.0%
Final Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
1
100.0%

Most occurring scripts

ValueCountFrequency (%)
Hangul 1595
71.7%
Common 496
 
22.3%
Latin 134
 
6.0%

Most frequent character per script

Hangul
ValueCountFrequency (%)
70
 
4.4%
41
 
2.6%
40
 
2.5%
40
 
2.5%
37
 
2.3%
36
 
2.3%
35
 
2.2%
34
 
2.1%
32
 
2.0%
31
 
1.9%
Other values (238) 1199
75.2%
Latin
ValueCountFrequency (%)
G 27
20.1%
L 27
20.1%
N 19
14.2%
P 12
9.0%
S 8
 
6.0%
n 6
 
4.5%
M 4
 
3.0%
T 3
 
2.2%
E 3
 
2.2%
t 2
 
1.5%
Other values (16) 23
17.2%
Common
ValueCountFrequency (%)
463
93.3%
( 6
 
1.2%
) 6
 
1.2%
/ 5
 
1.0%
, 3
 
0.6%
0 3
 
0.6%
- 2
 
0.4%
. 1
 
0.2%
5 1
 
0.2%
1
 
0.2%
Other values (5) 5
 
1.0%

Most occurring blocks

ValueCountFrequency (%)
Hangul 1595
71.7%
ASCII 625
 
28.1%
None 3
 
0.1%
Punctuation 2
 
0.1%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII
ValueCountFrequency (%)
463
74.1%
G 27
 
4.3%
L 27
 
4.3%
N 19
 
3.0%
P 12
 
1.9%
S 8
 
1.3%
n 6
 
1.0%
( 6
 
1.0%
) 6
 
1.0%
/ 5
 
0.8%
Other values (26) 46
 
7.4%
Hangul
ValueCountFrequency (%)
70
 
4.4%
41
 
2.6%
40
 
2.5%
40
 
2.5%
37
 
2.3%
36
 
2.3%
35
 
2.2%
34
 
2.1%
32
 
2.0%
31
 
1.9%
Other values (238) 1199
75.2%
None
ValueCountFrequency (%)
1
33.3%
1
33.3%
· 1
33.3%
Punctuation
ValueCountFrequency (%)
1
50.0%
1
50.0%

수행부서
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION 

Distinct8
Distinct (%)9.5%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size804.0 B
시스템연구부
28 
기기연구부
16 
장치연구부
15 
<NA>
11 
화재폭발연구부
Other values (3)

Length

Max length7
Median length6
Mean length5.4880952
Min length4

Unique

Unique1 ?
Unique (%)1.2%

Sample

1st row장치연구부
2nd row화재폭발연구부
3rd row기기연구부
4th row장치연구부
5th row기기연구부

Common Values

ValueCountFrequency (%)
시스템연구부 28
33.3%
기기연구부 16
19.0%
장치연구부 15
17.9%
<NA> 11
 
13.1%
화재폭발연구부 8
 
9.5%
기기장치연구부 3
 
3.6%
실증연구부 2
 
2.4%
방호시설인증부 1
 
1.2%

Length

2023-12-12T18:38:43.200783image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram of lengths of the category

Common Values (Plot)

2023-12-12T18:38:43.367326image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
ValueCountFrequency (%)
시스템연구부 28
33.3%
기기연구부 16
19.0%
장치연구부 15
17.9%
na 11
 
13.1%
화재폭발연구부 8
 
9.5%
기기장치연구부 3
 
3.6%
실증연구부 2
 
2.4%
방호시설인증부 1
 
1.2%

과제구분
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION 

Distinct4
Distinct (%)4.8%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size804.0 B
자체
27 
정부수탁
24 
민간수탁
22 
<NA>
11 

Length

Max length4
Median length4
Mean length3.3571429
Min length2

Unique

Unique0 ?
Unique (%)0.0%

Sample

1st row정부수탁
2nd row정부수탁
3rd row정부수탁
4th row정부수탁
5th row정부수탁

Common Values

ValueCountFrequency (%)
자체 27
32.1%
정부수탁 24
28.6%
민간수탁 22
26.2%
<NA> 11
13.1%

Length

2023-12-12T18:38:43.534679image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram of lengths of the category

Common Values (Plot)

2023-12-12T18:38:43.688069image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
ValueCountFrequency (%)
자체 27
32.1%
정부수탁 24
28.6%
민간수탁 22
26.2%
na 11
13.1%

수탁-위탁기관
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION 

Distinct15
Distinct (%)17.9%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size804.0 B
자체연구
27 
정부(산업부)
18 
한국가스공사
12 
<NA>
11 
정부(중기부)
Other values (10)
13 

Length

Max length15
Median length8
Mean length5.4047619
Min length3

Unique

Unique7 ?
Unique (%)8.3%

Sample

1st row정부(산업부)
2nd row정부(국토부)
3rd row정부(산업부)
4th row정부(산업부)
5th row정부(산업부)

Common Values

ValueCountFrequency (%)
자체연구 27
32.1%
정부(산업부) 18
21.4%
한국가스공사 12
14.3%
<NA> 11
13.1%
정부(중기부) 3
 
3.6%
정부(국토부) 2
 
2.4%
포스코 2
 
2.4%
산업통상자원부 2
 
2.4%
정부(해양부) 1
 
1.2%
티에스에이㈜ 1
 
1.2%
Other values (5) 5
 
6.0%

Length

2023-12-12T18:38:43.846388image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram of lengths of the category
ValueCountFrequency (%)
자체연구 27
32.1%
정부(산업부 18
21.4%
한국가스공사 12
14.3%
na 11
13.1%
정부(중기부 3
 
3.6%
정부(국토부 2
 
2.4%
포스코 2
 
2.4%
산업통상자원부 2
 
2.4%
정부(해양부 1
 
1.2%
티에스에이㈜ 1
 
1.2%
Other values (5) 5
 
6.0%

연구시작일
Date

MISSING 

Distinct37
Distinct (%)50.7%
Missing11
Missing (%)13.1%
Memory size804.0 B
Minimum2013-08-01 00:00:00
Maximum2023-07-01 00:00:00
2023-12-12T18:38:43.997150image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
2023-12-12T18:38:44.190308image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=37)

연구종료일
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION 

Distinct36
Distinct (%)42.9%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size804.0 B
<NA>
11 
2021-12-31
2022-12-31
2020-12-31
2023-12-31
Other values (31)
44 

Length

Max length10
Median length10
Mean length9.2142857
Min length4

Unique

Unique20 ?
Unique (%)23.8%

Sample

1st row2020-09-30
2nd row2020-04-30
3rd row2021-03-31
4th row2020-12-31
5th row2020-11-30

Common Values

ValueCountFrequency (%)
<NA> 11
 
13.1%
2021-12-31 9
 
10.7%
2022-12-31 8
 
9.5%
2020-12-31 7
 
8.3%
2023-12-31 5
 
6.0%
2022-03-31 4
 
4.8%
2021-03-31 2
 
2.4%
2025-04-30 2
 
2.4%
2020-04-20 2
 
2.4%
2020-11-30 2
 
2.4%
Other values (26) 32
38.1%

Length

2023-12-12T18:38:44.371745image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram of lengths of the category
ValueCountFrequency (%)
na 11
 
13.1%
2021-12-31 9
 
10.7%
2022-12-31 8
 
9.5%
2020-12-31 7
 
8.3%
2023-12-31 5
 
6.0%
2022-03-31 4
 
4.8%
2026-12-31 2
 
2.4%
2021-12-30 2
 
2.4%
2025-12-31 2
 
2.4%
2020-06-30 2
 
2.4%
Other values (26) 32
38.1%

연구기간(월)
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION  MISSING 

Distinct24
Distinct (%)32.9%
Missing11
Missing (%)13.1%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean24.986301
Minimum3
Maximum86
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Negative0
Negative (%)0.0%
Memory size888.0 B
2023-12-12T18:38:44.568804image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum3
5-th percentile5.6
Q112
median24
Q330
95-th percentile57
Maximum86
Range83
Interquartile range (IQR)18

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation16.243369
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.65009097
Kurtosis1.9307681
Mean24.986301
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)12
Skewness1.2909186
Sum1824
Variance263.84703
MonotonicityNot monotonic
2023-12-12T18:38:44.722864image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=24)
ValueCountFrequency (%)
24 21
25.0%
12 15
17.9%
36 4
 
4.8%
57 3
 
3.6%
48 3
 
3.6%
9 3
 
3.6%
30 3
 
3.6%
5 3
 
3.6%
43 2
 
2.4%
16 2
 
2.4%
Other values (14) 14
16.7%
(Missing) 11
13.1%
ValueCountFrequency (%)
3 1
 
1.2%
5 3
 
3.6%
6 1
 
1.2%
9 3
 
3.6%
10 1
 
1.2%
11 1
 
1.2%
12 15
17.9%
13 1
 
1.2%
16 2
 
2.4%
18 1
 
1.2%
ValueCountFrequency (%)
86 1
 
1.2%
65 1
 
1.2%
57 3
3.6%
55 1
 
1.2%
48 3
3.6%
45 1
 
1.2%
43 2
2.4%
42 1
 
1.2%
36 4
4.8%
31 1
 
1.2%

Interactions

2023-12-12T18:38:40.753643image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
2023-12-12T18:38:40.523295image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
2023-12-12T18:38:40.835866image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
2023-12-12T18:38:40.678772image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/

Correlations

2023-12-12T18:38:44.837732image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
번호과제명수행부서과제구분수탁-위탁기관연구시작일연구종료일연구기간(월)
번호1.0001.0000.5320.6700.6140.9710.8600.330
과제명1.0001.0001.0001.0001.0001.0001.0001.000
수행부서0.5321.0001.0000.3760.7530.8880.5900.000
과제구분0.6701.0000.3761.0000.9790.9130.8600.825
수탁-위탁기관0.6141.0000.7530.9791.0000.9630.9490.683
연구시작일0.9711.0000.8880.9130.9631.0000.9820.934
연구종료일0.8601.0000.5900.8600.9490.9821.0000.930
연구기간(월)0.3301.0000.0000.8250.6830.9340.9301.000
2023-12-12T18:38:45.026666image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
연구종료일수탁-위탁기관과제분야수행부서과제구분
연구종료일1.0000.5221.0000.1840.492
수탁-위탁기관0.5221.0001.0000.3580.895
과제분야1.0001.0001.0001.0001.000
수행부서0.1840.3581.0001.0000.264
과제구분0.4920.8951.0000.2641.000
2023-12-12T18:38:45.191062image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
번호연구기간(월)과제분야수행부서과제구분수탁-위탁기관연구종료일
번호1.000-0.2151.0000.2950.4940.2880.387
연구기간(월)-0.2151.0001.0000.0000.5100.3530.521
과제분야1.0001.0001.0001.0001.0001.0001.000
수행부서0.2950.0001.0001.0000.2640.3580.184
과제구분0.4940.5101.0000.2641.0000.8950.492
수탁-위탁기관0.2880.3531.0000.3580.8951.0000.522
연구종료일0.3870.5211.0000.1840.4920.5221.000

Missing values

2023-12-12T18:38:40.950516image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
A simple visualization of nullity by column.
2023-12-12T18:38:41.086970image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.
2023-12-12T18:38:41.205417image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.7.2, https://matplotlib.org/
The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.

Sample

번호과제분야과제명수행부서과제구분수탁-위탁기관연구시작일연구종료일연구기간(월)
01안전관리천연가스-디젤 혼소발전용 LNG공급시스템 개발장치연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2013-08-012020-09-3086
12안전관리오일샌드플랜트 모듈 건전성 및 유지관리 기술화재폭발연구부정부수탁정부(국토부)2014-12-292020-04-3065
23안전관리이동형 소형 육상 LNG플랜트 모듈화 엔지니어링 패키지 및 실증기술 개발기기연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2017-04-012021-03-3148
34안전관리매설된 노후 가스배관 비굴착 방법을 이용한 배관보수방법 및 배관 융착부 건전성 평가를 위한 국제표준 개발장치연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2017-06-012020-12-3143
45안전관리최소 검지농도 100ppm-m급 휴대용 고감도 원거리 레이저 메탄누출검사장비 상용화 개발기기연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2017-12-012020-11-3036
56안전관리LPG 충전소 피해영향 실증연구화재폭발연구부자체자체연구2018-01-012020-12-3136
67안전관리충북 공공기관연계 지능정보가속화 개방형 생태계 조성사업시스템연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2018-04-012022-12-3157
78안전관리고Mn강 LNG 평저형 저장탱크 실증 모니터링장치연구부민간수탁포스코2018-04-012020-03-3124
89안전관리LNG 저장탱크 내진성능평가 예비평가기법 개발시스템연구부민간수탁한국가스공사2018-04-022020-06-3027
910안전관리화재 등 외부요인에 대한 LPG탱크 안전관리기술 개선방안 연구화재폭발연구부정부수탁정부(산업부)2018-07-012020-06-3024
번호과제분야과제명수행부서과제구분수탁-위탁기관연구시작일연구종료일연구기간(월)
74<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
75<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
76<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
77<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
78<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
79<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
80<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
81<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
82<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>
83<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>

Duplicate rows

Most frequently occurring

번호과제분야과제명수행부서과제구분수탁-위탁기관연구시작일연구종료일연구기간(월)# duplicates
0<NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA><NA>11