gimi9 Pandas Profiling

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	10000
Missing cells	6135
Missing cells (%)	5.1%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	1.0 MiB
Average record size in memory	106.0 B

Variable types

Numeric	2
Categorical	1
Text	9

Dataset

Description	2018년부터 2022년까지 울산과학기술원이 보유한 논문 현황(논문제목, 저널명, Vol. 등)을 작성한 자료입니다.
Author	울산과학기술원
URL	https://www.data.go.kr/data/15034330/fileData.do

Alerts

`유형` is highly imbalanced (80.4%)	Imbalance
`호` has 2654 (26.5%) missing values	Missing
`시작페이지` has 163 (1.6%) missing values	Missing
`종료페이지` has 2860 (28.6%) missing values	Missing
`DOI(디지털식별자)` has 373 (3.7%) missing values	Missing

Reproduction

Analysis started	2023-12-12 16:03:01.353001
Analysis finished	2023-12-12 16:03:04.931600
Duration	3.58 seconds
Software version	ydata-profiling vv4.5.1
Download configuration	config.json

게재년도
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	15
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2017.5466

Minimum	2008
Maximum	2022
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	166.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2008
5-th percentile	2012
Q1	2015
median	2018
Q3	2020
95-th percentile	2022
Maximum	2022
Range	14
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.3066481
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0016389451
Kurtosis	-0.66311707
Mean	2017.5466
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	-0.46169929
Sum	20175466
Variance	10.933922
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=15)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2022	1234	12.3%
2021	1222	12.2%
2019	1081	10.8%
2018	1029	10.3%
2017	950	9.5%
2016	868	8.7%
2020	867	8.7%
2015	775	7.8%
2014	604	6.0%
2013	492	4.9%
Other values (5)	878	8.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2008	3	< 0.1%
2009	70	0.7%
2010	160	1.6%
2011	254	2.5%
2012	391	3.9%
2013	492	4.9%
2014	604	6.0%
2015	775	7.8%
2016	868	8.7%
2017	950	9.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2022	1234	12.3%
2021	1222	12.2%
2020	867	8.7%
2019	1081	10.8%
2018	1029	10.3%
2017	950	9.5%
2016	868	8.7%
2015	775	7.8%
2014	604	6.0%
2013	492	4.9%

게재월
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	25
Missing (%)	0.2%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	6.5283208

Minimum	1
Maximum	12
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	166.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	4
median	7
Q3	10
95-th percentile	12
Maximum	12
Range	11
Interquartile range (IQR)	6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.4463977
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.52791488
Kurtosis	-1.2021524
Mean	6.5283208
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	-0.021052913
Sum	65120
Variance	11.877657
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=12)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	901	9.0%
8	869	8.7%
1	864	8.6%
10	864	8.6%
12	837	8.4%
9	833	8.3%
4	825	8.2%
11	808	8.1%
3	803	8.0%
5	801	8.0%
Other values (2)	1570	15.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	864	8.6%
2	775	7.8%
3	803	8.0%
4	825	8.2%
5	801	8.0%
6	901	9.0%
7	795	8.0%
8	869	8.7%
9	833	8.3%
10	864	8.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12	837	8.4%
11	808	8.1%
10	864	8.6%
9	833	8.3%
8	869	8.7%
7	795	8.0%
6	901	9.0%
5	801	8.0%
4	825	8.2%
3	803	8.0%

유형
Categorical

IMBALANCE

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Article	9696
Review	304

Length

Max length	7
Median length	7
Mean length	6.9696
Min length	6

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	Article
2nd row	Article
3rd row	Article
4th row	Article
5th row	Article

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Article	9696	97.0%
Review	304	3.0%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Common Values (Plot)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
article	9696	97.0%
review	304	3.0%

논문제목
Text

Distinct	9999
Distinct (%)	> 99.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	369
Median length	175
Mean length	99.3803
Min length	6

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	993803
Distinct characters	706
Distinct categories	16 ?
Distinct scripts	5 ?
Distinct blocks	8 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	9998 ?
Unique (%)	> 99.9%

Sample

1st row	High Resolution Photoexcitation Measurements Exacerbate the Long-Standing Fe XVII Oscillator Strength Problem
2nd row	Design for Sharing Emotional Touches during Phone Calls: A Quantitative Evaluation of Four Tactile Representations
3rd row	Ni catalysts for dry methane reforming prepared by A-site exsolution on mesoporous defect spinel magnesium aluminate
4th row	Morphological and Optical Engineering for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells
5th row	A multiple target chemosensor for the sequential fluorescence detection of Zn2+ and S2- and the colorimetric detection of Fe3+/2+ in aqueous media and living cells

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
of	6781	5.4%
and	4042	3.2%
for	3228	2.6%
in	2840	2.2%
the	2451	1.9%
a	2313	1.8%
on	1491	1.2%
with	1391	1.1%
by	894	0.7%
using	854	0.7%
Other values (21505)	100112	79.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	116480	11.7%
e	86991	8.8%
i	71468	7.2%
o	66865	6.7%
a	65092	6.5%
n	64073	6.4%
t	61981	6.2%
r	55417	5.6%
s	44206	4.4%
l	40562	4.1%
Other values (696)	320668	32.3%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	781535	78.6%
Space Separator	116483	11.7%
Uppercase Letter	63473	6.4%
Dash Punctuation	10642	1.1%
Other Letter	10254	1.0%
Decimal Number	5308	0.5%
Other Punctuation	4086	0.4%
Close Punctuation	822	0.1%
Open Punctuation	822	0.1%
Math Symbol	260	< 0.1%
Other values (6)	118	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
의	366	3.6%
한	258	2.5%
기	237	2.3%
이	200	2.0%
에	164	1.6%
성	162	1.6%
지	129	1.3%
구	128	1.2%
과	126	1.2%
전	126	1.2%
Other values (563)	8358	81.5%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	86991	11.1%
i	71468	9.1%
o	66865	8.6%
a	65092	8.3%
n	64073	8.2%
t	61981	7.9%
r	55417	7.1%
s	44206	5.7%
l	40562	5.2%
c	36005	4.6%
Other values (28)	188875	24.2%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
S	6506	10.3%
C	5897	9.3%
A	4972	7.8%
P	4336	6.8%
E	3917	6.2%
M	3893	6.1%
T	3487	5.5%
D	3486	5.5%
I	3180	5.0%
O	3088	4.9%
Other values (19)	20711	32.6%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
:	1325	32.4%
,	1217	29.8%
/	663	16.2%
.	430	10.5%
'	136	3.3%
?	81	2.0%
"	51	1.2%
%	49	1.2%
@	43	1.1%
&	25	0.6%
Other values (6)	66	1.6%

Math Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
+	118	45.4%
>	47	18.1%
<	46	17.7%
=	37	14.2%
×	3	1.2%
≤	2	0.8%
≫	1	0.4%
≪	1	0.4%
∼	1	0.4%
∞	1	0.4%
Other values (3)	3	1.2%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	1458	27.5%
1	946	17.8%
3	788	14.8%
0	679	12.8%
5	384	7.2%
4	377	7.1%
6	206	3.9%
8	178	3.4%
7	158	3.0%
9	134	2.5%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	10575	99.4%
–	36	0.3%
‐	27	0.3%
—	2	< 0.1%
‑	2	< 0.1%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	753	91.6%
]	57	6.9%
』	6	0.7%
}	4	0.5%
」	2	0.2%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	753	91.6%
[	57	6.9%
『	6	0.7%
{	4	0.5%
「	2	0.2%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	116480	> 99.9%
	2	< 0.1%
	1	< 0.1%

Final Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
’	62	79.5%
”	16	20.5%

Initial Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
“	16	61.5%
‘	10	38.5%

Other Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
°	6	85.7%
℃	1	14.3%

Connector Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
_	4	100.0%

Currency Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
$	2	100.0%

Modifier Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
^	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	844902	85.0%
Common	138541	13.9%
Hangul	10248	1.0%
Greek	106	< 0.1%
Han	6	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per script

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
의	366	3.6%
한	258	2.5%
기	237	2.3%
이	200	2.0%
에	164	1.6%
성	162	1.6%
지	129	1.3%
구	128	1.2%
과	126	1.2%
전	126	1.2%
Other values (557)	8352	81.5%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	116480	84.1%
-	10575	7.6%
2	1458	1.1%
:	1325	1.0%
,	1217	0.9%
1	946	0.7%
3	788	0.6%
)	753	0.5%
(	753	0.5%
0	679	0.5%
Other values (56)	3567	2.6%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	86991	10.3%
i	71468	8.5%
o	66865	7.9%
a	65092	7.7%
n	64073	7.6%
t	61981	7.3%
r	55417	6.6%
s	44206	5.2%
l	40562	4.8%
c	36005	4.3%
Other values (44)	252242	29.9%

Greek

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
β	33	31.1%
γ	21	19.8%
α	19	17.9%
δ	14	13.2%
μ	5	4.7%
π	4	3.8%
ω	2	1.9%
Δ	2	1.9%
θ	2	1.9%
κ	1	0.9%
Other values (3)	3	2.8%

Han

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
競	1	16.7%
奔	1	16.7%
英	1	16.7%
譯	1	16.7%
詩	1	16.7%
想	1	16.7%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	983212	98.9%
Hangul	10248	1.0%
Punctuation	186	< 0.1%
None	142	< 0.1%
Math Operators	7	< 0.1%
CJK	6	< 0.1%
Letterlike Symbols	1	< 0.1%
Arrows	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	116480	11.8%
e	86991	8.8%
i	71468	7.3%
o	66865	6.8%
a	65092	6.6%
n	64073	6.5%
t	61981	6.3%
r	55417	5.6%
s	44206	4.5%
l	40562	4.1%
Other values (82)	310077	31.5%

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
의	366	3.6%
한	258	2.5%
기	237	2.3%
이	200	2.0%
에	164	1.6%
성	162	1.6%
지	129	1.3%
구	128	1.2%
과	126	1.2%
전	126	1.2%
Other values (557)	8352	81.5%

Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
’	62	33.3%
–	36	19.4%
‐	27	14.5%
“	16	8.6%
”	16	8.6%
′	13	7.0%
‘	10	5.4%
	2	1.1%
—	2	1.1%
‑	2	1.1%

None

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
β	33	23.2%
γ	21	14.8%
α	19	13.4%
δ	14	9.9%
°	6	4.2%
『	6	4.2%
』	6	4.2%
·	6	4.2%
μ	5	3.5%
π	4	2.8%
Other values (13)	22	15.5%

Math Operators

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
≤	2	28.6%
≫	1	14.3%
≪	1	14.3%
∼	1	14.3%
∞	1	14.3%
−	1	14.3%

Letterlike Symbols

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
℃	1	100.0%

CJK

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
競	1	16.7%
奔	1	16.7%
英	1	16.7%
譯	1	16.7%
詩	1	16.7%
想	1	16.7%

Arrows

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
→	1	100.0%

저자명
Text

Distinct	9459
Distinct (%)	94.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	1024
Median length	516
Mean length	153.4907
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	1534907
Distinct characters	290
Distinct categories	13 ?
Distinct scripts	3 ?
Distinct blocks	5 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	9193 ?
Unique (%)	91.9%

Sample

1st row	Kuhn, S[Kuehn, Steffen]; Shah, C[Shah, Chintan]; Lopez-Urrutia, JRC[Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R. Crespo]; Fujii, K[Fujii, Keisuke]; Steinbrugge, R[Steinbruegge, Rene]; Stierhof, J[Stierhof, Jakob]; Togawa, M[Togawa, Moto]; Harman, Z[Harman, Zoltan]; Oreshkina, NS[Oreshkina, Natalia S.]; Cheung, C[Cheung, Charles]; Kozlov, MG[Kozlov, Mikhail G.]; Porsev, SG[Porsev, Sergey G.]; Safronova, MS[Safronova, Marianna S.]; Berengut, JC[Berengut, Julian C.]; Rosner, M[Rosner, Michael]; Bissinger, M[Bissinger, Matthias]; Ballhausen, R[Ballhausen, Ralf]; Hell, N[Hell, Natalie]; Park, S[Park, SungNam]; Chung, M[Chung, Moses]; Hoesch, M[Hoesch, Moritz]; Seltmann, J[Seltmann, Joern]; Surzhykov, AS[Surzhykov, Andrey S.]; Yerokhin, VA[Yerokhin, Vladimir A.]; Wilms, J[Wilms, Joern]; Porter, FS[Porter, F. Scott]; Stohlker, T[Stoehlker, Thomas]; Keitel, CH[Keitel, Christoph H.]; Pfeifer, T[Pfeifer, Thomas]; Brown, GV[Brown, Gregory, V]; Leutenegger, MA[Leutenegger, Maurice A.]; Bernitt, S[Bernitt, Sven]
2nd row	Park, YW[Park, Young-Woo]; Bae, SH[Bae, Seok-Hyung]; Nam, TJ[Nam, Tek-Jin]
3rd row	Cho, E[Cho, Eunkyung]; Lee, YH[Lee, Young-Hee]; Kim, H[Kim, Hyunjoung]; Jang, EJ[Jang, Eun Jeong]; Kwak, JH[Kwak, Ja Hun]; Lee, K[Lee, Kyubock]; Ko, CH[Ko, Chang Hyun]; Yoon, WL[Yoon, Wang Lai]
4th row	Ko, SJ[Ko, Seo-Jin]; Heo, J[Heo, Jungwoo]; Lee, BH[Lee, Byoung Hoon]; Ha, SR[Ha, Su Ryong]; Bandyopadhyay, S[Bandyopadhyay, Sujoy]; Cho, HJ[Cho, Hong Joo]; Choi, H[Choi, Hyosung]; Kim, JY[Kim, Jin Young]
5th row	Yun, JY[Yun, Jin Yeong]; Chae, JB[Chae, Ju Byeong]; Kim, M[Kim, Mingeun]; Lim, MH[Lim, Mi Hee]; Kim, C[Kim, Cheal]

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
kim	8680	4.2%
lee	6310	3.0%
park	3563	1.7%
choi	1793	0.9%
jeong	1371	0.7%
cho	1295	0.6%
young	1276	0.6%
jung	1191	0.6%
	1173	0.6%
s	1119	0.5%
Other values (32376)	179434	86.6%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	197351	12.9%
,	123068	8.0%
n	100113	6.5%
o	82915	5.4%
e	75419	4.9%
a	73165	4.8%
i	63627	4.1%
[	62594	4.1%
]	62562	4.1%
;	52972	3.5%
Other values (280)	641121	41.8%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	699206	45.6%
Uppercase Letter	310904	20.3%
Space Separator	197365	12.9%
Other Punctuation	186621	12.2%
Open Punctuation	62596	4.1%
Close Punctuation	62564	4.1%
Dash Punctuation	11366	0.7%
Other Letter	4178	0.3%
Decimal Number	97	< 0.1%
Final Punctuation	7	< 0.1%
Other values (3)	3	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
김	297	7.1%
이	207	5.0%
정	160	3.8%
영	142	3.4%
현	122	2.9%
박	101	2.4%
민	93	2.2%
성	89	2.1%
진	84	2.0%
지	79	1.9%
Other values (182)	2804	67.1%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
n	100113	14.3%
o	82915	11.9%
e	75419	10.8%
a	73165	10.5%
i	63627	9.1%
g	48857	7.0%
u	47991	6.9%
h	37499	5.4%
m	29864	4.3%
r	23713	3.4%
Other values (30)	116043	16.6%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
J	37245	12.0%
S	36818	11.8%
K	35969	11.6%
H	29989	9.6%
Y	21034	6.8%
L	19235	6.2%
C	19177	6.2%
M	15715	5.1%
P	11612	3.7%
B	10841	3.5%
Other values (18)	73269	23.6%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	23	23.7%
0	16	16.5%
2	16	16.5%
3	10	10.3%
1	8	8.2%
6	6	6.2%
7	6	6.2%
9	4	4.1%
5	4	4.1%
4	4	4.1%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
,	123068	65.9%
;	52972	28.4%
.	10430	5.6%
&	126	0.1%
#	24	< 0.1%
†	1	< 0.1%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	197351	> 99.9%
	9	< 0.1%
	3	< 0.1%
	2	< 0.1%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
[	62594	> 99.9%
(	2	< 0.1%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
]	62562	> 99.9%
)	2	< 0.1%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	11309	99.5%
‐	57	0.5%

Final Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
’	7	100.0%

Letter Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Ⅲ	1	100.0%

Math Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
\|	1	100.0%

Modifier Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
´	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	1010111	65.8%
Common	520618	33.9%
Hangul	4178	0.3%

Most frequent character per script

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
김	297	7.1%
이	207	5.0%
정	160	3.8%
영	142	3.4%
현	122	2.9%
박	101	2.4%
민	93	2.2%
성	89	2.1%
진	84	2.0%
지	79	1.9%
Other values (182)	2804	67.1%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
n	100113	9.9%
o	82915	8.2%
e	75419	7.5%
a	73165	7.2%
i	63627	6.3%
g	48857	4.8%
u	47991	4.8%
h	37499	3.7%
J	37245	3.7%
S	36818	3.6%
Other values (59)	406462	40.2%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	197351	37.9%
,	123068	23.6%
[	62594	12.0%
]	62562	12.0%
;	52972	10.2%
-	11309	2.2%
.	10430	2.0%
&	126	< 0.1%
‐	57	< 0.1%
#	24	< 0.1%
Other values (19)	125	< 0.1%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	1530554	99.7%
Hangul	4178	0.3%
None	98	< 0.1%
Punctuation	76	< 0.1%
Number Forms	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	197351	12.9%
,	123068	8.0%
n	100113	6.5%
o	82915	5.4%
e	75419	4.9%
a	73165	4.8%
i	63627	4.2%
[	62594	4.1%
]	62562	4.1%
;	52972	3.5%
Other values (64)	636768	41.6%

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
김	297	7.1%
이	207	5.0%
정	160	3.8%
영	142	3.4%
현	122	2.9%
박	101	2.4%
민	93	2.2%
성	89	2.1%
진	84	2.0%
지	79	1.9%
Other values (182)	2804	67.1%

Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
‐	57	75.0%
	9	11.8%
’	7	9.2%
	2	2.6%
†	1	1.3%

None

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
í	15	15.3%
é	14	14.3%
á	12	12.2%
ü	8	8.2%
ö	8	8.2%
ł	7	7.1%
Ö	6	6.1%
ø	5	5.1%
Ø	4	4.1%
ć	4	4.1%
Other values (8)	15	15.3%

Number Forms

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Ⅲ	1	100.0%

저널명
Text

Distinct	2237
Distinct (%)	22.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	125
Median length	79
Mean length	25.6395
Min length	2

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	256395
Distinct characters	304
Distinct categories	9 ?
Distinct scripts	4 ?
Distinct blocks	4 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	1204 ?
Unique (%)	12.0%

Sample

1st row	PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
2nd row	ARCHIVES OF DESIGN RESEARCH
3rd row	APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
4th row	ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
5th row	PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
of	2640	7.9%
journal	2355	7.1%
and	1439	4.3%
materials	1406	4.2%
chemistry	795	2.4%
science	666	2.0%
applied	604	1.8%
	575	1.7%
acs	546	1.6%
energy	538	1.6%
Other values (1751)	21677	65.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
E	24867	9.7%
	23290	9.1%
A	22584	8.8%
N	20417	8.0%
I	18190	7.1%
O	16575	6.5%
C	15654	6.1%
R	15593	6.1%
S	15592	6.1%
T	14285	5.6%
Other values (294)	69348	27.0%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Uppercase Letter	223986	87.4%
Space Separator	23290	9.1%
Lowercase Letter	4416	1.7%
Other Letter	3382	1.3%
Other Punctuation	668	0.3%
Dash Punctuation	607	0.2%
Decimal Number	28	< 0.1%
Open Punctuation	9	< 0.1%
Close Punctuation	9	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
학	325	9.6%
회	241	7.1%
지	195	5.8%
한	170	5.0%
국	152	4.5%
문	144	4.3%
논	123	3.6%
구	105	3.1%
연	103	3.0%
전	82	2.4%
Other values (226)	1742	51.5%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
E	24867	11.1%
A	22584	10.1%
N	20417	9.1%
I	18190	8.1%
O	16575	7.4%
C	15654	7.0%
R	15593	7.0%
S	15592	7.0%
T	14285	6.4%
L	12337	5.5%
Other values (17)	47892	21.4%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	495	11.2%
n	460	10.4%
o	448	10.1%
a	444	10.1%
i	354	8.0%
r	304	6.9%
t	269	6.1%
l	246	5.6%
c	241	5.5%
s	237	5.4%
Other values (14)	918	20.8%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
&	602	90.1%
;	29	4.3%
:	20	3.0%
,	9	1.3%
/	5	0.7%
·	2	0.3%
.	1	0.1%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	21	75.0%
1	3	10.7%
0	1	3.6%
4	1	3.6%
9	1	3.6%
3	1	3.6%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	23290	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	607	100.0%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	9	100.0%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	9	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	228402	89.1%
Common	24611	9.6%
Hangul	3377	1.3%
Han	5	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per script

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
학	325	9.6%
회	241	7.1%
지	195	5.8%
한	170	5.0%
국	152	4.5%
문	144	4.3%
논	123	3.6%
구	105	3.1%
연	103	3.1%
전	82	2.4%
Other values (223)	1737	51.4%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
E	24867	10.9%
A	22584	9.9%
N	20417	8.9%
I	18190	8.0%
O	16575	7.3%
C	15654	6.9%
R	15593	6.8%
S	15592	6.8%
T	14285	6.3%
L	12337	5.4%
Other values (41)	52308	22.9%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	23290	94.6%
-	607	2.5%
&	602	2.4%
;	29	0.1%
2	21	0.1%
:	20	0.1%
,	9	< 0.1%
(	9	< 0.1%
)	9	< 0.1%
/	5	< 0.1%
Other values (7)	10	< 0.1%

Han

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
究	2	40.0%
硏	2	40.0%
間	1	20.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	253007	98.7%
Hangul	3377	1.3%
None	6	< 0.1%
CJK	5	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
E	24867	9.8%
	23290	9.2%
A	22584	8.9%
N	20417	8.1%
I	18190	7.2%
O	16575	6.6%
C	15654	6.2%
R	15593	6.2%
S	15592	6.2%
T	14285	5.6%
Other values (56)	65960	26.1%

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
학	325	9.6%
회	241	7.1%
지	195	5.8%
한	170	5.0%
국	152	4.5%
문	144	4.3%
논	123	3.6%
구	105	3.1%
연	103	3.1%
전	82	2.4%
Other values (223)	1737	51.4%

None

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
É	4	66.7%
·	2	33.3%

CJK

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
究	2	40.0%
硏	2	40.0%
間	1	20.0%

권
Text

Distinct	735
Distinct (%)	7.4%
Missing	42
Missing (%)	0.4%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	7
Median length	2
Mean length	2.0457923
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	20372
Distinct characters	11
Distinct categories	2 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	243 ?
Unique (%)	2.4%

Sample

1st row	124
2nd row	29
3rd row	602
4th row	11
5th row	18

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	318	3.2%
9	303	3.0%
10	298	3.0%
7	283	2.8%
11	278	2.8%
6	271	2.7%
12	259	2.6%
13	219	2.2%
5	217	2.2%
4	190	1.9%
Other values (725)	7322	73.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4392	21.6%
2	2912	14.3%
3	2237	11.0%
5	1966	9.7%
4	1955	9.6%
6	1544	7.6%
0	1383	6.8%
8	1360	6.7%
7	1332	6.5%
9	1290	6.3%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	20371	> 99.9%
Dash Punctuation	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4392	21.6%
2	2912	14.3%
3	2237	11.0%
5	1966	9.7%
4	1955	9.6%
6	1544	7.6%
0	1383	6.8%
8	1360	6.7%
7	1332	6.5%
9	1290	6.3%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	20372	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4392	21.6%
2	2912	14.3%
3	2237	11.0%
5	1966	9.7%
4	1955	9.6%
6	1544	7.6%
0	1383	6.8%
8	1360	6.7%
7	1332	6.5%
9	1290	6.3%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	20372	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4392	21.6%
2	2912	14.3%
3	2237	11.0%
5	1966	9.7%
4	1955	9.6%
6	1544	7.6%
0	1383	6.8%
8	1360	6.7%
7	1332	6.5%
9	1290	6.3%

호
Text

MISSING

Distinct	164
Distinct (%)	2.2%
Missing	2654
Missing (%)	26.5%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	6
Median length	1
Mean length	1.4086578
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	10348
Distinct characters	26
Distinct categories	4 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	87 ?
Unique (%)	1.2%

Sample

1st row	22
2nd row	2
3rd row	5
4th row	1
5th row	45

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	911	12.4%
2	649	8.8%
3	601	8.2%
4	563	7.7%
5	443	6.0%
6	436	5.9%
7	302	4.1%
9	302	4.1%
10	291	4.0%
11	282	3.8%
Other values (154)	2566	34.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2838	27.4%
2	1690	16.3%
3	1176	11.4%
4	1134	11.0%
5	735	7.1%
6	678	6.6%
8	521	5.0%
7	513	5.0%
9	509	4.9%
0	499	4.8%
Other values (16)	55	0.5%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	10293	99.5%
Lowercase Letter	22	0.2%
Uppercase Letter	22	0.2%
Dash Punctuation	11	0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2838	27.6%
2	1690	16.4%
3	1176	11.4%
4	1134	11.0%
5	735	7.1%
6	678	6.6%
8	521	5.1%
7	513	5.0%
9	509	4.9%
0	499	4.8%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
B	6	27.3%
J	5	22.7%
M	5	22.7%
S	2	9.1%
N	1	4.5%
D	1	4.5%
I	1	4.5%
E	1	4.5%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	8	36.4%
n	5	22.7%
y	3	13.6%
u	2	9.1%
r	2	9.1%
o	1	4.5%
v	1	4.5%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	11	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	10304	99.6%
Latin	44	0.4%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	8	18.2%
B	6	13.6%
J	5	11.4%
n	5	11.4%
M	5	11.4%
y	3	6.8%
S	2	4.5%
u	2	4.5%
r	2	4.5%
N	1	2.3%
Other values (5)	5	11.4%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2838	27.5%
2	1690	16.4%
3	1176	11.4%
4	1134	11.0%
5	735	7.1%
6	678	6.6%
8	521	5.1%
7	513	5.0%
9	509	4.9%
0	499	4.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	10348	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2838	27.4%
2	1690	16.3%
3	1176	11.4%
4	1134	11.0%
5	735	7.1%
6	678	6.6%
8	521	5.0%
7	513	5.0%
9	509	4.9%
0	499	4.8%
Other values (16)	55	0.5%

시작페이지
Text

MISSING

Distinct	6061
Distinct (%)	61.6%
Missing	163
Missing (%)	1.6%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	11
Median length	10
Mean length	3.9729592
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	39082
Distinct characters	56
Distinct categories	7 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	4809 ?
Unique (%)	48.9%

Sample

1st row	225001
2nd row	95
3rd row	117694
4th row	4705
5th row	166

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	235	2.4%
23	19	0.2%
25	19	0.2%
8	19	0.2%
53	19	0.2%
37	17	0.2%
63	16	0.2%
67	16	0.2%
50	16	0.2%
99	16	0.2%
Other values (6049)	9461	96.0%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	7168	18.3%
2	4521	11.6%
0	4197	10.7%
3	3900	10.0%
4	3506	9.0%
5	3378	8.6%
7	3138	8.0%
6	3028	7.7%
8	2803	7.2%
9	2787	7.1%
Other values (46)	656	1.7%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	38426	98.3%
Lowercase Letter	386	1.0%
Uppercase Letter	220	0.6%
Space Separator	24	0.1%
Dash Punctuation	17	< 0.1%
Math Symbol	5	< 0.1%
Other Punctuation	4	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	206	53.4%
a	80	20.7%
b	27	7.0%
v	9	2.3%
c	7	1.8%
d	7	1.8%
y	6	1.6%
i	6	1.6%
m	4	1.0%
w	4	1.0%
Other values (13)	30	7.8%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
A	40	18.2%
S	29	13.2%
E	22	10.0%
P	22	10.0%
L	18	8.2%
U	17	7.7%
N	17	7.7%
F	16	7.3%
G	8	3.6%
C	5	2.3%
Other values (9)	26	11.8%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	7168	18.7%
2	4521	11.8%
0	4197	10.9%
3	3900	10.1%
4	3506	9.1%
5	3378	8.8%
7	3138	8.2%
6	3028	7.9%
8	2803	7.3%
9	2787	7.3%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	24	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	17	100.0%

Math Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
+	5	100.0%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	4	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	38476	98.4%
Latin	606	1.6%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	206	34.0%
a	80	13.2%
A	40	6.6%
S	29	4.8%
b	27	4.5%
E	22	3.6%
P	22	3.6%
L	18	3.0%
U	17	2.8%
N	17	2.8%
Other values (32)	128	21.1%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	7168	18.6%
2	4521	11.8%
0	4197	10.9%
3	3900	10.1%
4	3506	9.1%
5	3378	8.8%
7	3138	8.2%
6	3028	7.9%
8	2803	7.3%
9	2787	7.2%
Other values (4)	50	0.1%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	39082	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	7168	18.3%
2	4521	11.6%
0	4197	10.7%
3	3900	10.0%
4	3506	9.0%
5	3378	8.6%
7	3138	8.0%
6	3028	7.7%
8	2803	7.2%
9	2787	7.1%
Other values (46)	656	1.7%

종료페이지
Text

MISSING

Distinct	3900
Distinct (%)	54.6%
Missing	2860
Missing (%)	28.6%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	9
Median length	8
Mean length	3.4530812
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	24655
Distinct characters	26
Distinct categories	6 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	2773 ?
Unique (%)	38.8%

Sample

1st row	107
2nd row	4711
3rd row	176
4th row	13778
5th row	199

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	29	0.4%
9	26	0.4%
6	25	0.4%
10	22	0.3%
7	18	0.3%
12	18	0.3%
5	17	0.2%
86	17	0.2%
85	17	0.2%
66	16	0.2%
Other values (3890)	6935	97.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4075	16.5%
2	2943	11.9%
3	2612	10.6%
4	2484	10.1%
5	2304	9.3%
6	2182	8.9%
7	2053	8.3%
8	1991	8.1%
0	1986	8.1%
9	1913	7.8%
Other values (16)	112	0.5%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	24543	99.5%
Uppercase Letter	82	0.3%
Math Symbol	16	0.1%
Dash Punctuation	8	< 0.1%
Other Punctuation	5	< 0.1%
Lowercase Letter	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
A	25	30.5%
E	21	25.6%
F	12	14.6%
S	9	11.0%
H	3	3.7%
W	2	2.4%
B	2	2.4%
C	2	2.4%
D	2	2.4%
J	2	2.4%
Other values (2)	2	2.4%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4075	16.6%
2	2943	12.0%
3	2612	10.6%
4	2484	10.1%
5	2304	9.4%
6	2182	8.9%
7	2053	8.4%
8	1991	8.1%
0	1986	8.1%
9	1913	7.8%

Math Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
+	16	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	8	100.0%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	5	100.0%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
i	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	24572	99.7%
Latin	83	0.3%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4075	16.6%
2	2943	12.0%
3	2612	10.6%
4	2484	10.1%
5	2304	9.4%
6	2182	8.9%
7	2053	8.4%
8	1991	8.1%
0	1986	8.1%
9	1913	7.8%
Other values (3)	29	0.1%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
A	25	30.1%
E	21	25.3%
F	12	14.5%
S	9	10.8%
H	3	3.6%
W	2	2.4%
B	2	2.4%
C	2	2.4%
D	2	2.4%
J	2	2.4%
Other values (3)	3	3.6%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	24655	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	4075	16.5%
2	2943	11.9%
3	2612	10.6%
4	2484	10.1%
5	2304	9.3%
6	2182	8.9%
7	2053	8.3%
8	1991	8.1%
0	1986	8.1%
9	1913	7.8%
Other values (16)	112	0.5%

DOI(디지털식별자)
Text

MISSING

Distinct	9626
Distinct (%)	> 99.9%
Missing	373
Missing (%)	3.7%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	45
Median length	37
Mean length	24.084346
Min length	13

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	231860
Distinct characters	70
Distinct categories	9 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	9625 ?
Unique (%)	> 99.9%

Sample

1st row	10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.225001
2nd row	10.15187/adr.2016.05.29.2.95
3rd row	10.1016/j.apcata.2020.117694
4th row	10.1021/acsami.8b16490
5th row	10.1039/c8pp00408k

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10.1109/tcad.2021.3123178	2	< 0.1%
10	2	< 0.1%
10.1016/j.econmod.2022.106024	1	< 0.1%
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123229	1	< 0.1%
10.1002/elps.201000082	1	< 0.1%
10.1103/physrevlett.124.225001	1	< 0.1%
10.3389/fnhum.2017.00008	1	< 0.1%
10.1002/aenm.201401933	1	< 0.1%
10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.023	1	< 0.1%
10.3390/s18010154	1	< 0.1%
Other values (9619)	9619	99.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40021	17.3%
1	38588	16.6%
.	25727	11.1%
2	16689	7.2%
/	10196	4.4%
3	8881	3.8%
6	8140	3.5%
9	6735	2.9%
8	6535	2.8%
4	6464	2.8%
Other values (60)	63884	27.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	144074	62.1%
Lowercase Letter	44365	19.1%
Other Punctuation	35925	15.5%
Uppercase Letter	4290	1.9%
Dash Punctuation	3126	1.3%
Space Separator	34	< 0.1%
Connector Punctuation	16	< 0.1%
Open Punctuation	15	< 0.1%
Close Punctuation	15	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	5272	11.9%
c	4955	11.2%
s	4376	9.9%
j	3842	8.7%
e	3744	8.4%
n	2699	6.1%
m	2630	5.9%
t	2186	4.9%
o	1982	4.5%
r	1788	4.0%
Other values (16)	10891	24.5%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
C	539	12.6%
S	459	10.7%
T	443	10.3%
E	398	9.3%
A	305	7.1%
P	293	6.8%
M	246	5.7%
R	237	5.5%
J	230	5.4%
I	169	3.9%
Other values (16)	971	22.6%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40021	27.8%
1	38588	26.8%
2	16689	11.6%
3	8881	6.2%
6	8140	5.6%
9	6735	4.7%
8	6535	4.5%
4	6464	4.5%
5	6015	4.2%
7	6006	4.2%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	25727	71.6%
/	10196	28.4%
:	2	< 0.1%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	3126	100.0%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	34	100.0%

Connector Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
_	16	100.0%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	15	100.0%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	15	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	183205	79.0%
Latin	48655	21.0%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	5272	10.8%
c	4955	10.2%
s	4376	9.0%
j	3842	7.9%
e	3744	7.7%
n	2699	5.5%
m	2630	5.4%
t	2186	4.5%
o	1982	4.1%
r	1788	3.7%
Other values (42)	15181	31.2%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40021	21.8%
1	38588	21.1%
.	25727	14.0%
2	16689	9.1%
/	10196	5.6%
3	8881	4.8%
6	8140	4.4%
9	6735	3.7%
8	6535	3.6%
4	6464	3.5%
Other values (8)	15229	8.3%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	231860	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40021	17.3%
1	38588	16.6%
.	25727	11.1%
2	16689	7.2%
/	10196	4.4%
3	8881	3.8%
6	8140	3.5%
9	6735	2.9%
8	6535	2.8%
4	6464	2.8%
Other values (60)	63884	27.6%

ISSN(국제표준연속간행물번호)
Text

Distinct	2104
Distinct (%)	21.1%
Missing	18
Missing (%)	0.2%
Memory size	156.2 KiB

Length

Max length	9
Median length	9
Mean length	8.9994991
Min length	8

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	89833
Distinct characters	14
Distinct categories	5 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	1061 ?
Unique (%)	10.6%

Sample

1st row	0031-9007
2nd row	1226-8046
3rd row	0926-860X
4th row	1944-8244
5th row	1474-905X

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1944-8244	198	2.0%
2045-2322	197	2.0%
2050-7488	190	1.9%
1936-0851	180	1.8%
0935-9648	149	1.5%
2041-1723	145	1.5%
1530-6984	108	1.1%
1616-301x	107	1.1%
1614-6832	106	1.1%
2040-3364	93	0.9%
Other values (2094)	8509	85.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	12145	13.5%
-	9982	11.1%
1	9662	10.8%
2	9536	10.6%
4	7825	8.7%
3	7538	8.4%
6	6940	7.7%
9	6829	7.6%
5	6612	7.4%
8	6167	6.9%
Other values (4)	6597	7.3%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	79038	88.0%
Dash Punctuation	9982	11.1%
Uppercase Letter	806	0.9%
Lowercase Letter	6	< 0.1%
Space Separator	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	12145	15.4%
1	9662	12.2%
2	9536	12.1%
4	7825	9.9%
3	7538	9.5%
6	6940	8.8%
9	6829	8.6%
5	6612	8.4%
8	6167	7.8%
7	5784	7.3%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	9982	100.0%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
X	806	100.0%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
x	6	100.0%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	89021	99.1%
Latin	812	0.9%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	12145	13.6%
-	9982	11.2%
1	9662	10.9%
2	9536	10.7%
4	7825	8.8%
3	7538	8.5%
6	6940	7.8%
9	6829	7.7%
5	6612	7.4%
8	6167	6.9%
Other values (2)	5785	6.5%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
X	806	99.3%
x	6	0.7%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	89833	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	12145	13.5%
-	9982	11.1%
1	9662	10.8%
2	9536	10.6%
4	7825	8.7%
3	7538	8.4%
6	6940	7.7%
9	6829	7.6%
5	6612	7.4%
8	6167	6.9%
Other values (4)	6597	7.3%

게재년도
게재월

게재월
게재년도

게재월
게재년도

Phik (φk)
Auto

Heatmap
Table

	게재년도	게재월	유형
게재년도	1.000	0.132	0.071
게재월	0.132	1.000	0.008
유형	0.071	0.008	1.000

Heatmap
Table

	게재년도	게재월	유형
게재년도	1.000	-0.067	0.055
게재월	-0.067	1.000	0.006
유형	0.055	0.006	1.000

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.

First rows
Last rows

	게재년도	게재월	유형	논문제목	저자명	저널명	권	호	시작페이지	종료페이지	DOI(디지털식별자)	ISSN(국제표준연속간행물번호)
3433	2020	6	Article	High Resolution Photoexcitation Measurements Exacerbate the Long-Standing Fe XVII Oscillator Strength Problem	Kuhn, S[Kuehn, Steffen]; Shah, C[Shah, Chintan]; Lopez-Urrutia, JRC[Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R. Crespo]; Fujii, K[Fujii, Keisuke]; Steinbrugge, R[Steinbruegge, Rene]; Stierhof, J[Stierhof, Jakob]; Togawa, M[Togawa, Moto]; Harman, Z[Harman, Zoltan]; Oreshkina, NS[Oreshkina, Natalia S.]; Cheung, C[Cheung, Charles]; Kozlov, MG[Kozlov, Mikhail G.]; Porsev, SG[Porsev, Sergey G.]; Safronova, MS[Safronova, Marianna S.]; Berengut, JC[Berengut, Julian C.]; Rosner, M[Rosner, Michael]; Bissinger, M[Bissinger, Matthias]; Ballhausen, R[Ballhausen, Ralf]; Hell, N[Hell, Natalie]; Park, S[Park, SungNam]; Chung, M[Chung, Moses]; Hoesch, M[Hoesch, Moritz]; Seltmann, J[Seltmann, Joern]; Surzhykov, AS[Surzhykov, Andrey S.]; Yerokhin, VA[Yerokhin, Vladimir A.]; Wilms, J[Wilms, Joern]; Porter, FS[Porter, F. Scott]; Stohlker, T[Stoehlker, Thomas]; Keitel, CH[Keitel, Christoph H.]; Pfeifer, T[Pfeifer, Thomas]; Brown, GV[Brown, Gregory, V]; Leutenegger, MA[Leutenegger, Maurice A.]; Bernitt, S[Bernitt, Sven]	PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS	124	22	225001	<NA>	10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.225001	0031-9007
8634	2016	5	Article	Design for Sharing Emotional Touches during Phone Calls: A Quantitative Evaluation of Four Tactile Representations	Park, YW[Park, Young-Woo]; Bae, SH[Bae, Seok-Hyung]; Nam, TJ[Nam, Tek-Jin]	ARCHIVES OF DESIGN RESEARCH	29	2	95	107	10.15187/adr.2016.05.29.2.95	1226-8046
3398	2020	7	Article	Ni catalysts for dry methane reforming prepared by A-site exsolution on mesoporous defect spinel magnesium aluminate	Cho, E[Cho, Eunkyung]; Lee, YH[Lee, Young-Hee]; Kim, H[Kim, Hyunjoung]; Jang, EJ[Jang, Eun Jeong]; Kwak, JH[Kwak, Ja Hun]; Lee, K[Lee, Kyubock]; Ko, CH[Ko, Chang Hyun]; Yoon, WL[Yoon, Wang Lai]	APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL	602	<NA>	117694	<NA>	10.1016/j.apcata.2020.117694	0926-860X
5248	2019	2	Article	Morphological and Optical Engineering for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells	Ko, SJ[Ko, Seo-Jin]; Heo, J[Heo, Jungwoo]; Lee, BH[Lee, Byoung Hoon]; Ha, SR[Ha, Su Ryong]; Bandyopadhyay, S[Bandyopadhyay, Sujoy]; Cho, HJ[Cho, Hong Joo]; Choi, H[Choi, Hyosung]; Kim, JY[Kim, Jin Young]	ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES	11	5	4705	4711	10.1021/acsami.8b16490	1944-8244
5432	2019	1	Article	A multiple target chemosensor for the sequential fluorescence detection of Zn2+ and S2- and the colorimetric detection of Fe3+/2+ in aqueous media and living cells	Yun, JY[Yun, Jin Yeong]; Chae, JB[Chae, Ju Byeong]; Kim, M[Kim, Mingeun]; Lim, MH[Lim, Mi Hee]; Kim, C[Kim, Cheal]	PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES	18	1	166	176	10.1039/c8pp00408k	1474-905X
9306	2015	11	Article	Phase transition-induced band edge engineering of BiVO4 to split pure water under visible light	Jo, WJ[Jo, Won Jun]; Kang, HJ[Kang, Hyun Joon]; Kong, KJ[Kong, Ki-Jeong]; Lee, YS[Lee, Yun Seog]; Park, H[Park, Hunmin]; Lee, Y[Lee, Younghye]; Buonassisi, T[Buonassisi, Tonio]; Gleason, KK[Gleason, Karen K. ]; Lee, JS[Lee, Jae Sung]	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA	112	45	13774	13778	10.1073/pnas.1509674112	0027-8424
11606	2012	9	Article	자아와 타자 사이: 고골 작품의 소러시아	Yoon, S[Yoon, Saera]	슬라브연구	28	3	177	199	<NA>	1225-0406
1064	2022	4	Article	Encoding Enantiomeric Molecular Chiralities on Graphene Basal Planes	Meng, YQ[Meng, Yongqiang]; Fan, JBA[Fan, Jingbiao]; Wang, MH[Wang, Meihui]; Gong, WB[Gong, Wenbin]; Zhang, JP[Zhang, Jinping]; Ma, JP[Ma, Junpeng]; Mi, HY[Mi, Hongyu]; Huang, Y[Huang, Yan]; Yang, S[Yang, Shu]; Ruoff, RS[Ruoff, Rodney S.]; Geng, JX[Geng, Jianxin]	ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION	61	15	e202117815	<NA>	10.1002/anie.202117815	1433-7851
892	2022	5	Article	All-sky search for gravitational wave emission from scalar boson clouds around spinning black holes in LIGO O3 data	Abbott, R.[Abbott, R.]; Kwak, K[Kwak, Kyujin]; The LIGO Scientific Collaborat[The LIGO Scientific Collaboration]; the Virgo Collaboration[the Virgo Collaboration]; the KAGRA Collaboration[ the KAGRA Collaboration]	PHYSICAL REVIEW D	105	10	102001	<NA>	10.1103/PhysRevD.105.102001	2470-0010
8872	2016	8	Article	CRTC Potentiates Light-independent timeless Transcription to Sustain Circadian Rhythms in Drosophila	Kim, M[Kim, Minkyung]; Lee, H[Lee, Hoyeon]; Hur, JH[Hur, Jin-Hoe]; Choe, J[Choe, Joonho]; Lim, C[Lim, Chunghun]	SCIENTIFIC REPORTS	6	<NA>	32113	<NA>	10.1038/srep32113	2045-2322

	게재년도	게재월	유형	논문제목	저자명	저널명	권	호	시작페이지	종료페이지	DOI(디지털식별자)	ISSN(국제표준연속간행물번호)
2897	2021	2	Article	Eye Fixation-Related Potentials during Visual Search on Acquaintance and Newly-Learned Faces	Lee, S[Lee, Seungji]; Lee, D[Lee, Doyoung]; Gil, H[Gil, Hyunjae]; Oakley, I[Oakley, Ian]; Cho, YS[Cho, Yang Seok]; Kim, SP[Kim, Sung-Phil]	BRAIN SCIENCES	11	2	218	<NA>	10.3390/brainsci11020218	2076-3425
721	2022	7	Article	Development of ensemble machine learning models for evaluating seismic demands of steel moment frames	Nguyen, HD[Nguyen, Hoang D.]; Kim, J[Kim, JunHee]; Shin, M[Shin, Myoungsu]	STEEL AND COMPOSITE STRUCTURES	44	1	49	63	10.12989/scs.2022.44.1.049	1229-9367
12348	2009	11	Article	Layer-by-Layer-Assembled Multilayer Films for Transcutaneous Drug and Vaccine Delivery	Su, XF[Su, Xingfang]; Kim, BS[Kim, Byeong-Su]; Kim, SR[Kim, Sara R.]; Hammond, PT[Hammond, Paula T.]; Irvine, DJ[Irvine, Darrell J.]	ACS NANO	3	11	3719	3729	10.1021/nn900928u	1936-0851
12221	2010	8	Article	A Docking Model Based on Mass Spectrometric and Biochemical Data Describes Phage Packaging Motor Incorporation	Fu, CY[Fu, Chi-yu]; Uetrecht, C[Uetrecht, Charlotte]; Kang, S[Kang, Sebyung]; Morais, MC[Morais, Marc C.]; Heck, AJR[Heck, Albert J. R.]; Walter, MR[Walter, Mark R.]; Prevelige, PE[Prevelige, Peter E., Jr.]	MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS	9	8	1764	1773	10.1074/mcp.M900625-MCP200	1535-9476
5573	2018	11	Article	Optimal tuning of a Brownian information engine operating in a nonequilibrium steady state	Paneru, G[Paneru, Govind]; Lee, DY[Lee, Dong Yun]; Park, JM[Park, Jong-Min]; Park, JT[Park, Jin Tae]; Noh, JD[Noh, Jae Dong]; Pak, HK[Pak, Hyuk Kyu]	PHYSICAL REVIEW E	98	5	52119	<NA>	10.1103/PhysRevE.98.052119	2470-0045
8125	2016	11	Article	Strong Optical Dipole Force Exerted on Molecules Having Low Rotational Temperature	Sun, XN[Sun, Xing Nan]; Jin, BG[Jin, Byung Gwun]; Kim, LY[Kim, Lee Yeong]; Kim, BJ[Kim, Bong Jun]; Zhao, BS[Zhao, Bum Suk]	CHEMPHYSCHEM	17	22	3701	3708	10.1002/cphc.201600838	1439-4235
7981	2016	6	Article	High-Performance Sodium-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on Nb2O5@Carbon Core-Shell Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites	Lim, E[Lim, Eunho]; Jo, C[Jo, Chanshin]; Kim, MS[Kim, Min Su]; Kim, MH[Kim, Mok-Hwa]; Chun, J[Chun, Jinyoung]; Kim, H[Kim, Haeyeom]; Park, J[Park, Jongnam]; Roh, KC[Roh, Kwang Chul]; Kang, K[Kang, Kisuk]; Yoon, S[Yoon, Songhun]; Lee, J[Lee, Jinwoo]	ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS	26	21	3711	3719	10.1002/adfm.201505548	1616-301X
7752	2017	1	Article	The case for electron re-acceleration at galaxy cluster shocks	van Weeren, RJ[van Weeren, Reinout J.]; Andrade-Santos, F[Andrade-Santos, Felipe]; Dawson, WA[Dawson, William A.]; Golovich, N[Golovich, Nathan]; Lal, DV[Lal, Dharam V.]; Kang, H[Kang, Hyesung]; Ryu, D[Ryu, Dongsu]; Bruggen, M[Brueggen, Marcus]; Ogrean, GA[Ogrean, Georgiana A.]; Forman, WR[Forman, William R.]; Jones, C[Jones, Christine]; Placco, VM[Placco, Vinicius M.]; Santucci, RM[Santucci, Rafael M.]; Wittman, D[Wittman, David]; Jee, MJ[Jee, M. James]; Kraft, RP[Kraft, Ralph P.]; Sobral, D[Sobral, David]; Stroe, A[Stroe, Andra]; Fogarty, K[Fogarty, Kevin]	NATURE ASTRONOMY	1	<NA>	5	<NA>	10.1038/s41550-016-0005	2397-3366
865	2022	6	Article	Quantile Autoencoder With Abnormality Accumulation for Anomaly Detection of Multivariate Sensor Data	Ryu, S[Ryu, Seunghyoung]; Yim, J[Yim, Jiyeon]; Seo, J[Seo, Junghoon]; Yu, Y[Yu, Yonggyun]; Seo, H[Seo, Hogeon]	IEEE ACCESS	10	<NA>	70428	70439	10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3187426	2169-3536
6423	2018	10	Article	Microstructural effect on time-dependent plasticity of nanoporous gold	Kang, NR[Kang, Na-Ri]; Gwak, EJ[Gwak, Eun-Ji]; Jeon, H[Jeon, Hansol]; Song, E[Song, Eunji]; Kim, JY[Kim, Ju-Young]	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY	109	<NA>	108	120	10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.05.011	0749-6419

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Common Values (Plot)

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Lowercase Letter

Uppercase Letter

Other Punctuation

Math Symbol

Decimal Number

Dash Punctuation

Close Punctuation

Open Punctuation

Space Separator

Final Punctuation

Initial Punctuation

Other Symbol

Connector Punctuation

Currency Symbol

Modifier Symbol

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Hangul

Common

Latin

Greek

Han

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Hangul

Punctuation

None

Math Operators

Letterlike Symbols

CJK

Arrows

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Lowercase Letter

Uppercase Letter

Decimal Number

Other Punctuation

Space Separator

Open Punctuation

Close Punctuation

Dash Punctuation

Final Punctuation

Letter Number

Math Symbol

Modifier Symbol

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Hangul

Latin

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Hangul

Punctuation

None

Number Forms

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Uppercase Letter

Lowercase Letter

Other Punctuation

Decimal Number

Space Separator

Dash Punctuation

Open Punctuation